1-page Marketing Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

1-page Marketing - Research Paper Example For example, annual percentage growth rates of GDP at market prices based on the U.S dollars, in 2010-2014, was 2.2%. Various factors and trends affect a company and this tend to bring some of the implications to the business such as state of the economy, technology, basic characteristics customers have in common like age and shifts in popular opinion which are strongly influenced by the media. Environmental issues also affect an industry in a great way. There has been a difference though in U.S in those three years as technology has progressed, there is access to distribution of channels, and also access of essential unique services. While different companies have different products, they have to make them saleable in the face of current and potential competition, thus they need to evaluate ways to be attractive to the industry. For example, they should have unique products compared to other companies, so as to gain the buyer power also for the customers with the knowledge of new trends and emerging channels, which offers an opportunity to develop a competitive advantage of major purchasers in future years. For example, the U.S. percentage of the export of goods and services as from 2010-2014 was 13.5, which shows an improvement in its estimated share, thus the growth of the industry. Feenstra, Robert C, Joseph E. Gagnon, and Michael Knetter. Market Share and Exchange Rate Pass-Through in World Automobile Trade. Cambridge (1050 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Mass. 02138: National Bureau of Economic Research, 1993. Internet

Nursing-Sensitive Indicators Essay Example for Free

Nursing-Sensitive Indicators Essay According to the American Nurses Association, nursing-sensitive indicators â€Å"reflect the structure, process and outcomes of nursing care.† (Nursing Sensitive Indicators, 2015) Understanding the indicators is an important piece of nursing, not only to assist the patient, but the patients loved ones as well, to ensure quality patient care. In this particular case, had the nurse understood the reasoning and data behind the Pressure Ulcer Rate and Restraint indicators, and communicated the necessity to report any pertinent findings the CNA may discover in the nurse’s absence, the CNA would not have dismissed the reddened area over the patient’s lower spine and would have immediately informed the nurse of the finding. Upon returning the patient to bed, the CNA would have also known not to place the patient back in bed on his back and re-apply the restraints. Instead, would have had the patient lay to one side and stressed the importance, to the patient and family member, of frequent turning, to reduce the chance of pressure ulcers. Quality patient care can only be achieved with teamwork and open communication. The discussion of pressure ulcers in hospitalized patients has become an increasing issue with more attention to the prevention of such since the early to mid-1990’s. The Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) state that stage III and stage IV pressure ulcers occurring during admission are considered preventable (Zaratkiewicz et al., 2010). While the gentleman in our case scenario represented what would be considered a stage 1 pressure ulcer, with proper quality care and training, even this stage 1 ulcer could have been prevented or at the very least, the progression halted. If the nurse had a better understanding of nursing-sensitive indicators, or the theory behind them, then maybe he or she would take more ownership in the prevention of pressure ulcers. Harborview Medical Center in Seattle, Washington, conducted their own study regarding pressure ulcers and ways to prevent them. Their study was  intended to track, prevent and improve skin-related outcomes (Zaratkiewicz et al., 2010). While the results of the study showed a large increase in minor pressure ulcers, it showed a huge decrease in stage III and IV ulcers, the most costly and reportable types. Education and staff reinforcement lead to early detection and improvement in practice, ultimately faring better for the patient. Maybe if the hospital in the scenario had communicated such important figures or conducted their own study, the nursing staff and even the CNA’s would have a better understanding and ultimately provide better care. As far as ethical issues such as the request for a kosher meal that ended up not being kosher, we as nurses accept and agree to abide by a code of ethics. If I were the nursing shift supervisor and this case scenario occurred, there are a few different things I would use to discuss with my staff. First of all, I would remind all nursing staff of the code of ethics we all accepted the day we graduated nursing school and offer copies to each of them to serve as a reminder. Specifically, for this scenario, I would point out; â€Å"Human Dignity is respect for the inherent worth and uniqueness of individuals and populations. In professional practice, concern for human dignity is reflected when the nurse values and respects all patients and colleagues† (The Essentials, 2008). While I am not Jewish and not receiving a kosher meal does not seem to be a big deal to me, I know that it is important to my patient and an acceptable request, so it should be a priority for me. Secondly, I would start a monthly ethical education series, choosing a different topic to better educate my staff. In the world we live in today, there are so many cultures and a necessity to be more aware of ethical treatment, that the staff should not be expected to â€Å"just know it.† This knowledge comes from on-going education and it is up to the hospital and staff to make sure they are kept as up to date as possible regarding ethical treatment of patients. I would also involve my Board of Ethics or ethical expert from the hospital to intervene and sincerely apologize to the family. While we won’t be able to fix the meal that was already eaten, we can ensure the patient and family that steps have been taken to support special requests of patients from now on. References Nursing-Sensitive Indicators. (2015). Retrieved from http://www.nursingworld.org/MainMenuCategories/ThePracticeofProfessionalNursi

Information Management System Of Samsung Marketing Essay

Information Management System Of Samsung Marketing Essay We believe that Samsung has good chance to get success when global market is becoming more competitive. Samsung can create new trends in market in a fashionable way and using the recommended conditions which have been discussed, while it is backed up by core competency of marketing. We really believe that earlier advantage can be achieved despite Nokia has currently launched a new phone as their brand is driven by style and price. Samsung can launch a new product with a fashionable style and can build a new brand image that is not manufactured and launched by any other company. Sustainability of this product requires new and up to date relevant technology which will keep it for long period. Technical and famous designers are used to make certain products at forefront of the new competitive global and fashionable industry. Technology used is the key role player to change the traditional trends in industry and this technology is incorporated into the Cell phone to make best use of it for the potential sales. Strategic Information Management of Samsung 3 Introductions 3.1 Background and Assumptions Samsung Group of companies was found in 1938 and major leading company to provide manufacturing and financial services. Since 1980 it has made enormous development in semiconductor and electronics industry. Samsung has made remarkable growth in net profits since last two decades. This is regarded as the ways of Samsung conducts the business and strategic information management is the pillars of the entire business at Samsung. For a long period relationships between corporate strategy and information systems; Top management of the firms were not much interested. Information management systems are to be thought as same to corporate data processing and support the daily routine functions (Rockart, 1979). Information management systems based on computer based response to any type of interaction whether at transaction level and supply levels etc. Although Samsung is a much consolidated company but it requires more strategic development planning system to identify more future projects to compete its sister companies in the world. Shipping of products and the best use of strategic information management can enhance the capabilities of the managers to identify the achievable targets of selling of new products of fashionable mobiles by installing the new information management systems. Supply Chain Operations need more development to improve Samsungs global business operations. 4. Objectives For the strategic decision making organizational analysis is much important and business units concerning to organizations objectives which require accountability must be clearly defined. Stakeholders must be satisfied with these new strategic decisions (Joyce and Woods, 2001). The Samsung requires a corporate culture and ethics when implementing new strategies whether this strategy is adequate and can be implemented within firm. Top Management of the Samsung takes strategic decisions to become important player in the Phone Industry. All units within Samsung are responsible to CEO. The CEO of the Samsung is setting a separate unit to foster the start up and meeting the requirements of the customers as well as generating more revenue for its share holders. The CEO of the Samsung has set these goals to take advantage of wealth of shareholders to ensure that Samsung will remain more profitable within market. In this way Samsung mobiles will be an independent unit driven by the goals of Samsung as it is functioning within Samsung firm and its revenue will be rewarding to Samsungs shareholders. 5 Remote Environment For any firm market based view is very important to understand the external environment before they make any strategic choices. Many factors must be addressed which influence the industry and these factors include as PESETEL analysis, Porters Five Forces and Globalization drivers (Partridge, 2005). 6 PESTEL analysis 6.1 Political - Due to that as markets are regulated so both manufacturers and operators work in an environment free of governments invention. 6.2 Economic- Increase in income makes the people to have more disposable income, which enables the user or customer to make selection among the best choice of mobile cells. Price is a key factor to be focused rather addressing the basic needs (messaging and calls) of the customers. 6.3 Social- Due to rise in information society, telecommunication has become more important for consumers in terms of leisure and work. Electronic media provides the information about the new advancement in handset mobiles and consumers are aware of their best choice among these handset phones. 6.4 Technological Global technology advancement are as GPRS, GSM, WAP, Bluetooth, MMS and Cameras which are hallmark in mobile phone industry. European market is less technologically advanced than their counterpart Asian market i.e. in Asia 90% phones with cameras while in Europe just 4% phones had handsets with cameras (Johnson and Scholes, 2001). Environment Mobile phones have hazardous affects on human health due to waves which are emitted by these handsets and also cause potential tumors (BBC, 2004). Immense wastage created by the disposable handsets which are also non-ecological. Legal It is very difficult to patent the mobile phones designs. 7 Porters Five Forces A company needed as many as possible to neutralize the five forces to generate a well competitive advantage. Porters forces (Porter, 1998) are used basically for the attraction of industry and searches sources of its competition. These forces are dependent on each other and Samsung like industries must know the connection between these forces. 7.1 Entry Barriers Change in the technology makes the entire industry to invest more in development and research, which is carried out by the firms to keep up to date that which firm has latest technology featured handsets. Companies in the same mobile phones are in competition to release a similar or better product than other company. Many Asian small manufacturing companies copied the design of these products and grabbed the share in market in 2002. Samsung already has good access to its supply and distribution channels but it requires more channels to spread the Samsungs products more successfully. Due to globalization the cost of products is decreased. Entry barriers are resurrected to make the marketing more effective focusing upon fashion and exclusively. 7.2 Buyers Buyers power is very economically beneficial for the manufacturing companies as operators purchase the products in bulk and large sum of money is invested to keep their constant demand of good quality products. This large sum money provides necessary funds to research and develop to satisfy the customers with their demands. It shows the buying power of the customers which is a cyclic process and favors the operators. Consumers of Samsungs products are divided into two groups, one of them group wants to purchase the product based on price, style and quality while other people living in China and Philippine pay higher prices than their counterparts living in European countries. Users in Britain and Germany get mobile phones subsidized while people in Asia and Italy purchase the phone at full price. Buying power for the Samsungs products is seen as powerful due to users loyalty towards the new fashionable products. 7.3 Substitutes Better technology in future can be the best alternative of the mobile phones. PC based application are possible substitutes for messaging through Yahoo Messenger and people always return to mobile phones call as the call charges escalates. Because mobile phones provide very massive convenience so less alternative of mobile phones are available. 7.4 Suppliers Suppliers are high in numbers and therefore switching costs is low. Suppliers have very feeble power having very limited bargaining supremacy. 8 SWOT Analyses Samsung is one of largest group based in South Korea that works worldwide as subsidiaries. Company has focused on electronics products and service activities. Samsung Electronics is a major manufacturer of random access memory chips and mobile cells as a whole sets. Strengths 8.1.1 Credit ratings Improvements In 2002 company made a tremendous increase in credit rating as it also made previously in 1996. This shows that Company has recovered from the financial crisis and raised the corporate image of the Samsung Company. Diversification Company has made continuous transformation of diversification through its entire business. This is achieved due to competitive pricing of mobiles phone products and catered the premium demand. This has forced the competitors to expand its shares in market. Telecommunication Business New products of mobiles phones with advanced features (cameras, voice dialing and color screens) are added to its sale. Handset mobiles increased its sale up to 48% in 2002 and have become one of the largest mobile phone manufacturers in world. 8.2.0 Weaknesses Prices of the memory chips has fallen which constitute a major portion of its revenue collection. Due to fluctuation in telecommunication demands and technology issues has impacted on the revenue collection. A slump in demand can be averted by the competitors improvement in fashion and new designs. Mobile phone business requires Samsungs more investment to protect its market shares and stability. Other areas of company which require more attention are the fast SCM. 8.3.0 Opportunities Samsung has invested heavily in marketing and internal research and development products during last 10 years. Company wants to build a system for research and development that will stimulate the demand and SCM. A number of affiliated companies are sold in recent years in order to build it and reduce its debts. Samsung has restructured its business to surpass the Hyundai to become the largest company of the South Korea. Samsung is now building itself in Easter Europe and India market to build a globally integrated business administrative system to improve its international network infrastructure. 8.4.0 Threats 8.4.1 Strong Competitors LG and SK groups are the competitors of the Samsung in South Korea and also other major companies across all areas of its entire business. Samsungs competitors in electronics include the Micron Technology, Sony and Matsushita. Nokia is also major competitors in the area of the mobile phones production. 8.4.2 Safeguarding the Property Rights Samsung is manufacturing and marketing new products each year. Samsung is facing the problem of safeguarding the property rights which are crucial to retain its competitive edge. 9 Alternate strategic approaches Samsungs rival companies may produce good designed mobile phones with better technology to make difference with other companies. Smaller companies are using this trend in Chinas market and copied the products of major companies. Using Samsung mobile phones, user can perceive the quality and style of the manufacturing company. Technology used is the potential of the Samsung to compete other companies in the market and generate more revenue. Customers will find it more comfortable when product is not potentially out of date up to a year in terms of its functionality. It could increase the demand and prove ultimately cheaper. What are the strategic options in future to grow more economically the Samsung? It can be seen as 9.1 Price The price of the Samsung mobile phones must be in approach of common users ensured with quality and services. This will encourage the customers to increase the demand of products. 9.2 Distribution Supply Chain Management must ask its retailer to display the products in highly fashioned apartments and stores, which will impact the brand image of products. 9.3 Countries Europe, Asia and America are the major world markets. European countries are wealthier than other countries, so Samsung mobile phones must reach there with advance features. 9.4 Operators Operators and retailers have high power of buying these products. They know the degree of the price of the end-consumers. Operator can sell these products very efficiently. 9.5 Brand Marketing Samsung mobile products are very crucial because new brands have been added to already list of mobile phones sets. Marketing of these products must be in fashion world and role models are very significant. 10 Competitive advantages / CSFs Critical Success Factors CSFs measure the existing strengths and advantages in Samsung. Rockart (1979) has defined the critical success factors being in the limited areas for a business with satisfactory results, that ensures the competitive performance of an organization. CSFs are critical factors which represent many things in a firm and must go in right direction to flourish the business. CSF basically discusses the objectives of the business that is under review. This technique is used by the people and its value is lost when used below the third level in an organizational hierarchy (Ward, 1990, p.164). Samsung has improved its ability to recycle the sources and developed the cell phones more plausible for users. Strategic transformation of RD center has altered the organization and progressed the business unit value (Park, Sangmoon,Gil, Youngjoon, 2006). Samsung is providing best customers services in following areas Samsung facilitates best and costs valuable solution It provides unique service at homes without any change of mobile terminal and provides automatic installation and remote operations for users feasibility Value creation for End Users is a great advantage of the Samsung. It provides voice service, fast data service and wired/wireless service to its customers. Samsungs efforts are proving to be fruitful because their SCM six sigma program is very useful to produce talented specialists. It is expected that six sigma will play a vital role for global optimum. Branding strategy of sponsoring big events like Olympics and placements of its products at festivals is a good move of Samsung. Transition from 2G to 3G technology that emphasizes on multimedia is good change in technology strength. However new changing technology can solve many technology issues and can bring key driver changes in the Samsungs mobile phone industry. Currently market is dynamic and if Samsung goes away of this it could damage the sales. 11 Conclusions After the external and internal analysis it is required that strategic issues in Samsung must be addressed immediately. Best information management system can resolve these strategic issues by implementing the current strategy to retain the long term competitive advantages. Samsung being the key driver of technology transition of mobile phones industry can sustain its continuous and new competitive advantages. Samsung is not likely to fail because mobile phones are relevant to customers demand and up to date. Samsung has focused much upon the brand marketing because global market is highly competitive and dynamic. Sigma program is key factor to develop the Supply Chain System. On the one hand Samsung is very optimistic to facilitate the end users with best quality services and on the other hand it is generating more revenue for its shareholders. Finally Samsung mobiles are designed by talented designers; it ensures that products are displayed at best events of the world and remain fo refront at the fashion industry.

Mysterious Statue of a Boy in the Park :: Free Descriptive Essay About A Place

As soon as I entered the park, I went looking for the statue of the little boy that I remembered so well from last summer. I knew it was on the south side of the park, but I was not sure exactly where. As soon as I began my quest, I could faintly smell roses, a smell so familiar from the endless warm summer days that Jordan and I would spend next to the rose garden, in front of the statue. I knew I was getting close. Next, I saw the roses in the distance from where I was, walking towards the stairs that lead to the rose garden. I remembered walking in the same general direction. I was closer. Then I got to the stairs. As I was walking down the steps I looked to my right. There was a statue of a beautiful woman, not the right statue. Finally, I looked to my left, and there it was. My heart skipped a beat. I could remember the very first time I saw that statue. It was a hot day in mid-July when Jordan and I first stumbled upon it. Last summer while I was living in the dorms, Jordan was my best friend; we spent every waking moment together. One day we decided to walk in the park, we got to the rose garden and were talking about the roses until we saw the little boy. We were both so amazed by the statue, yet we could not figure out why. Starting from that moment, we spent a great amount of time at the statue last summer. As I walked up to it, I could almost see Jordan standing next to the statue turning to say something about it to me that we had not noticed before, but that was last summer. Like I said, Jordan was a very close friend of mine, but when I moved back to Michiga n last year, we grew apart. Standing by the statue I could remember sitting next to it for hours just talking, and looking at the statue with him. The first thing I did was get up very close to the statue and examine it once again. It is of a boy who is between the ages of twelve and fifteen, he is mostly naked, covered only with a cloth hanging by a thin belt over his genitals. Mysterious Statue of a Boy in the Park :: Free Descriptive Essay About A Place As soon as I entered the park, I went looking for the statue of the little boy that I remembered so well from last summer. I knew it was on the south side of the park, but I was not sure exactly where. As soon as I began my quest, I could faintly smell roses, a smell so familiar from the endless warm summer days that Jordan and I would spend next to the rose garden, in front of the statue. I knew I was getting close. Next, I saw the roses in the distance from where I was, walking towards the stairs that lead to the rose garden. I remembered walking in the same general direction. I was closer. Then I got to the stairs. As I was walking down the steps I looked to my right. There was a statue of a beautiful woman, not the right statue. Finally, I looked to my left, and there it was. My heart skipped a beat. I could remember the very first time I saw that statue. It was a hot day in mid-July when Jordan and I first stumbled upon it. Last summer while I was living in the dorms, Jordan was my best friend; we spent every waking moment together. One day we decided to walk in the park, we got to the rose garden and were talking about the roses until we saw the little boy. We were both so amazed by the statue, yet we could not figure out why. Starting from that moment, we spent a great amount of time at the statue last summer. As I walked up to it, I could almost see Jordan standing next to the statue turning to say something about it to me that we had not noticed before, but that was last summer. Like I said, Jordan was a very close friend of mine, but when I moved back to Michiga n last year, we grew apart. Standing by the statue I could remember sitting next to it for hours just talking, and looking at the statue with him. The first thing I did was get up very close to the statue and examine it once again. It is of a boy who is between the ages of twelve and fifteen, he is mostly naked, covered only with a cloth hanging by a thin belt over his genitals.

Philosophy Epistemology Essay

Epistemology is one of the very important branches of philosophy. It is also known as the knowledge theory. The knowledge theory consists of three questions; â€Å"What is the origin of knowledge? What is the reliability of knowledge? & What is the criteria of knowledge? † Rene Descartes and John Locke really looked into epistemology and both had different theories to approach it. John Locke looked at empiricism and Rene Descartes looked at rationalism. John Locke was an English philosopher and formed his opinion around empiricism. Empiricism is an approach to doing philosophy stressing experience as the in road to all knowledge. The human being is a blank slate to him. Locke was a moderate skeptic, who doubted until valid proof was given to substantiate truth claims of a demonstrative and sensitive nature. The foundations of knowledge functioned in the following manner according to Locke. The human being takes in the external world through sensation (the five senses) and gives form to the experiential data through the processes of reflection. To Locke, intuitive knowledge is the most trustworthy because we automatically recognize the agreement or disagreement of ideas without the intervention of a â€Å"proof†. His criterion of knowledge depended on the force and intensity with which someone perceives either agreement or disagreement between ideas. So for example, we know that 2+3=5. We also know that 2+3 does not equal 7. Locke, unlike Descartes, argues against innate ideas. However, Locke believes that we are all born with the ability to acquire knowledge through the organization of sensate data by the cognitive capacities and capabilities we possess at birth, which are innate to the human. Descartes had a different view of epistemology. He argued for rationalism. Rationalism is an approach to philosophy that employs â€Å"pure reason† to acquire instances of fundamental truth. In Meditations on First Philosophy, Descartes comes up with three fundamental truths by way of pure reason. The first fundamental truth is â€Å"I think, therefore I exist. † This fundamental truth establishes for Descartes the â€Å"essence† of the human being in his philosophy, as the â€Å"thing that thinks. † He is reflecting on himself as the â€Å"object of deception† and reasons that despite being deceived, as long as he can think about it, he exists. Having a clear perception of the fundamental truths can guarantee they can be trusted with absolute certainty and cannot ever be false. The three fundamental truths (self, god, & mathematics) are examples of innate knowledge, or truths that all humans are born with given to by God. Descartes says we can discover these truths through the Meditations, by way of doing philosophy, but we do not pursue these in the same manner we pursue other forms of knowledge such as science. The dream argument is aimed at the external world. It says that â€Å"I often have perceptions very much like the ones I have while I’m dreaming. There are no definite signs to distinguish dream experience from wake experience, so it is possible that I am dreaming right now and all my perceptions are false. † In my opinion, I think that John Locke’s position on empiricism is more philosophically sound to me. Just to re-cap, empiricism is an approach to doing philosophy stressing experience as the in road to all knowledge. The human being as a blank slate really makes sense to me. We automatically know that we can agree or disagree without having to have proof to go along with it. I think that sense experience is always the starting point to knowledge. I think in order to learn something in life you have to experience it first. You can’t just go out and expect the knowledge to be in your brain for no reason. For example, how would you know what the color blue looks like if you were born blind? You would need to use your senses to try and understand what the color is. God couldn’t just put it in your mind because it’s something that you just need to see. Also, you can learn from the experiences you go through. If you do something and it ends up being wrong, then you learn from that experience and how you can go about it differently next time. In my opinion, rationalism has some defects that would make it harder to understand philosophically. A rationalist comes to believe that knowledge is a lot like math. So pretty much, it is knowledge that comes before experience. Something that you already know, but have never experienced before. I think that is a bit problematic because how can you know something that you never experienced? Epistemology plays a big role in philosophy as does John Locke and Rene Descartes. They both have great views on epistemology looking at rationalism and empiricism. When thinking about rationalism, we know that knowledge can be acquired through reason alone and that we don’t need experience. But when thinking about empiricism, we know that we learn through our experiences as a person. Justifying truth as a philosopher, I would agree more with Locke’s view on empiricism. I believe that everything happens for a reason, and that you need experience to learn, and to grow as a person.

How To Get Inspiration For Your Research Projects

How To Get Inspiration For Your Research Projects How to connect for the inspiration in your writing job Writing is a creative process which requires both factual calculations of time and effort as well as a consideration of an emotional side, such as inspiration. It is easy to make a rough estimation of the time and effort required to produce your next publication. However, the lack of inspiration to write about the required subject might be an issue and can result in the writer’s block. How to connect for the inspiration? Places for inspiration Nowadays, there are many places available for getting an inspiration which writers may end up lacking in the creative process. In the academic world, the inspiration for the research can come from attending conferences or seminars, reading up to date academic publications, listening to good quality radio podcasts, checking newspapers and websites, engaging in social media and connecting with people who are equally interested in the subject that you study. Connecting with other researchers It might be very helpful to connect with those who study the same subject. Your colleagues have their own insights and they can share the valuable information with you. You can join relevant networks or you can even start your own blog or forum to publicize your research and get into a productive discussion with those who have the same interests. Seeking advice from those whose research you respect is also one of the ways to get your piece of work written effectively. Promoting your research via digital media It is important to be â€Å"online present†. If you would like to promote your research, it can be very helpful to be socially active in terms of online activity. You need to engage in the social media in order to spread the important ideas of your work to as many people as possible. Nowadays, it is unwise to underestimate the power of social media, so use it to the fullest. Digital means for working on the academic pieces of writing The number of digital aids for the effective writing is very much in abundance nowadays. Do you need to save an interesting information that you have encountered on the web? You can use one of the digital bookmarking sites such as Delicious, Pinterest, Scoop.it or Pinterest. If you need an online reference manager, Zotero, Endnote or Mendeley can be very helpful. The citations that you come across can be saved very easily with those research management tools. Physically activity as a source of inspiration Being physically fit can make a lot of difference in the creative process. Besides getting a portion of positive emotions, going for a run or exercising in the gym can give you some time to think about the subject of your research. Many successful writers say that they come up with new and unique ideas when they are in motion. Writing an academic paper is a challenging task and every academic writer has his own methods and routines which facilitate producing great pieces of work. Perhaps, experimenting is the key element in the process of creating a masterpiece. Finding your own approach to the creative writing process can help you achieve your goal of being a successful writer.

Stanford Prison Experiment Research Paper Example

Stanford Prison Experiment Research Paper Example Stanford Prison Experiment Paper Stanford Prison Experiment Paper The prison Experiment conducted at Stanford University in 1971 was intended to find out what would happen if average innocent people were placed in a prison environment on both sides (inmate and guard). The experiment began with a newspaper add asking for male college aged volunteers to participate in the experiment and outlined some of the things they might endure. The large number of volunteers was reduced through a series of psychological tests to find those who appeared the most stable. The researchers anticipated some psychological effects on the participants, but the results they discovered were far more intense than they had prepared for. These overwhelming effects on even the research professionals involved led to an early end to the experiment. Procedure The experiment began with an ad in the paper asking for college aged male volunteers, who would be paid fifteen dollars per day (Zimbardo, 1999). There were more than one hundred people who responded to the ad. The large number of respondents was narrowed down through a series of psychological experiments. The group was narrowed to twenty-four young men, who were determined to be mentally stable and average. The twenty-four were divided randomly into two groups by a coin toss. Half were to be prison guards and the other half was to be prison inmates. In order to set the stage for the prison to look realistic, three rooms in the basement of one of the Stanford buildings were sectioned off and the doors were replaced with doors containing bars and cell numbers. There were no windows or clocks provided to keep the prisoners from knowing the time of day (Zimbardo, 1999). Both ends of the hallway were boarded off to keep the prisoners from seeing ways to escape. The head psychologist was assigned as the prison superintendent. Other researchers participated in various capacities, but the direct supervision of the prisoners was left up to the experimental guards. A person who had spent time in prison was called in to be a consultant for treatment of the prisoners to determine how close the simulation was to a real prison setting. Methods The first day of the experiment, the people selected to be inmates were arrested from their homes by real policemen and placed in real police cars. They were taken to jail for processing and were then taken to the made-up prison. Once inside the prison the guards were given free reign within reason to treat them as prisoners. There were nine prisoners in the prison unit at all times with three on-call at their homes in case a replacement was needed. Each prisoner was strip searched and de-liced and was then given a gown with no undergarments and with an inmate number printed on it. The inmates were forced to wear hats made from panty hose to simulate shaved heads (Zimbardo, 1999). The purpose of this was to start them off with a feeling of humiliation to gain control over them. They were placed three per room and with the placement of the beds in the rooms were left little room for anything besides sitting or lying on the bed. There was a small closet designated as the solitary confinement room for the prisoners deemed as trouble makers. The restroom was down the hall, which was outside of the prison area. For this reason the prisoners were blindfolded, when they went to the restroom. Any incidents of non-compliance were met with punishments ranging from in the beginning push-ups to later much harsher punishments. At the beginning of the experiment, the guards were hesitant to be strict with them. The experiment continued with priests and lawyers coming in to interview the inmates. Results The researchers had anticipated that the prisoners and the guards would have some reactions based on their assigned roles, but the results of the actual experiment were amazing even to the people who had studied it. The people all started out to be considered relatively equal, but once they became involved in their roles personality differences became more apparent. The first day of the experiment, the inmates seemed to react in surprise to the initial treatment and complied with the directives given to them throughout the day. The second day, the prisoners began the day with a rebellion. They barricaded the guards out by placing their beds against the doors. This was met with the guards calling for reinforcements and strict punishments including using clubs to get them back under control. Following this the guards used other methods to create mistrust among the inmates to keep them from grouping together. Some of the non-compliant prisoners were placed in solitary confinement and others were forced to go without food for a period of time. The prisoners were called by their numbers instead of their names and after only a few days began addressing themselves by their numbers. This was a way of taking away their identities. After only a few days the guards and prisoners became entangled into their roles to the extent they called lawyers at the suggestion of a priest to help get them out and they went before a parole board to find out if they could get out of prison. When parole was denied some of them became seriously depressed. They had apparently forgotten they could request to leave the experiment at any time. The parents of the inmates also requested help to get their sons out of the experiment, as if they were really in prison. Some of the guards became sadistic and would use demeaning and in some cases pornographic punishments during the night when they thought the researchers were not watching. Two of the prisoners had such a strong reaction that they became distressed to the point of violent sobbing and needed medical attention. They were both released early. After the two were released, one of the on call prisoners was brought in. He did not have the opportunity to gradually become accustomed to the conditions and treatment. He went on a hunger strike shortly after becoming part of the experiment. After all attempts to get the new inmate to eat failed, he was placed in solitary for a longer period of time than anyone was supposed to be in it. The other inmates were given the choice of leaving him in solitary all night and for some special privileges, they chose to leave him in all night. The guards did eventually let him out and he was then quite distressed. The head researcher discovered he was too involved in his role as the prison superintendent, when he rearranged everything to hide the prisoners to keep them from escaping. He realized he had lost sight of the experiment and had actually become the role he was playing. When the researchers discovered how far out of control the experiment had become, they decided to end it after just six days out of the planned two week experiment. The men were all interviewed to get their views on how they were treated and what they thought had happened. Discussion Ethically the experiment would never be allowed in current society. Even prisoners are required to have some basic rights and dignified treatment. An experiment in which innocent people, even with informed consent are treated like prisoners would never be permitted. Human experimentation in any form in which there could be danger is rarely allowed. This experiment was beneficial in helping discover the effects that the prison setting could have on innocent people. It was interesting to see how the guards became involved in the roles to the point they could not separate themselves from it. They forgot that the people they were guarding were not real prisoners. The prisoners forgot their real names and became their prisoner numbers. They became depressed and to some degree almost mentally unstable. Since these people were determined to be stable before the experiment, it is easy to see how people in prison could become depressed and even suicidal if treated the way the people in the experiment were. It was enlightening to see how if people are treated poorly and stripped of their identity, they are not likely to become better people. Although this experiment could have been permanently detrimental to people’s mental health, it was beneficial to the world of psychology by providing a glimpse of what happened to people inside an institution. It showed how people were affected when their basic human rights were stripped from them.

Wild Horses essays

Wild Horses essays Alice Munro has a history of writing stories that demonstrate the changing and shifting of relationships in a world perceived as chaotic and unforgiving. "Boys and Girls" is no different. This story isn't merely about a girl watching a horse die. This is about a girl fast approaching her adolescence, and her inability to cope at first. We never learn her name, but the girl in this story has her major conflict in her role in the family and how she is supposed to act. The first clue that this is a problem occurs in paragraph 22, where we learn that the grandmother has certain expectations for "girls". These include not slamming doors and keeping knees together while sitting. The girl tries to preserve her "freedom" by slamming doors and sitting awkwardly as often as possible. This reasoning of girls acting in a certain fashion is emphasized in other places in the story as well. In paragraph 10, she contrasts her parents and how they relate to her while they work together. This demonstrates the vast differences in how the adults deal with the More evidence of this is in paragraph 12, where the girl voices her surprise at seeing her mother out at the barn. This proves that there are two distinctive roles in the home, and that they are very different. The message here is that the mother is seldom seen outside the kitchen. We read about conversations between the mother and daughter, and More examples of stereotypes in their family is in paragraph 16, where the mother is discussing the way the girl is always helping the father instead of her. She explains that every time she turns around, the girl has run off. She made a comment that sometimes it doesn't even seem like there is a little girl in the family at all. This shows how uncomfortable the mother is with havin ...

Woodlice Lab Report Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Woodlice - Lab Report Example Their food includes dead insects, roots of young plants and decaying vegetable materials. During the day they hide in cool dark places under stones and flower pots (Smith 7). Woodlice are harmless, and in spite of their name, they do not spoil wood. They have an external shell skeleton, which sheds off as they mature (Smith 6). The female woodlice are identified to keep fertilized eggs s under their bodies until they are hatched into small white young ones. Research has shown that females ones have the ability to reproduce sexually. Woodlice are crustaceans, which are found in the same class such as crabs and lobsters. However, their unpleasant taste distinguishes them from other group members. These types of creatures breathe through the lungs which are found in their hind legs. They are mainly found in earthly environment since they are used to losing a lot of water through excretion. Therefore, they live in damp and dark places such as rocks and logs, because they need moisture to survive. In comparison to other creatures, woodlice have predators such s spiders, lizards and birds. These predators depend on woodlice for their survival. To this effect woodlice have adaptive features that enable them to survive. Such features include rolling themselves in to some form of ball and stretch again to their normal size and length. They are found in varied lengths such as short, middle and long, and they also move at varied speeds. Method This experiment basically requires knowing how to control a population of woodlice. Around 24 of woodlice were place in the plastic container. The length and the length of internal of woodlice were taken by using a ruler and the microscope. Also, the number of plates was counted by using the microscope. In addition to that, the speeds of woodlice were taken by using two rulers to design the drag and the stopwatch as well to record the distance Results Trait Dorsal plate number Speed (seconds/10 cm) Length (cm) Color (values using so il color chart) Mean 7 21.20833333 0.991666667 5.083333333 Standard Deviation 0 +10.29131828 + 0.21450989 + 1.248187091 Standard Error 0 +2.100706547 +0.043786648 + 0.254785123 According to the information shown in the graph, the speed of woodlice has an effect to its survival. . From the report, short woodlice were shown to have survived (Therefore, predators are able to identify the long woodlice more easily than short ones. This explains the reason why woodlice roll in circular forms for their survival. When in their circular form, length can not be identified hence their survival. Short woodlice have the ability to hide from the predators since they are flexible. This enables them to survive because of their small size and speed. However, the long woodlice can be easily spotted by predators hence their decrease in population. In addition, their length makes them to move sluggishly compared to short ones who move fast and survive Discussion Scientific experiments depend on data t hat has been collected objectively. This indicates that researchers should not influence the results of an experiment with or without their knowledge. Instruments used in the study should be well placed and arranged so as to give reliable opinions and observations. Such observations shall be used to draw concussions, which may affect other areas of science negatively. This explains the reasons which led each group to encounter error in their experiment. For example, woodlice were not experimented in their natural habitat. When a living creature is removed from its natural environment, it tends o develop features that can assist it survive (Schmalfuss 76). However, if it fails it may die. Such deaths may decrease the woodlice population. Investigations should be carried in the normal area of the organism for

Depression Article Review Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Depression Review - Article Example A person can also sleep more or less when in the state of depression or experience a change in appetite. The other major symptoms are feeling like committing suicide or sometimes feeling worthless to oneself and the society. The authors provide a list of the types of depression providing individuals with the relevant information regarding depression and its severity. The major types of depression are Bipolar disorder or the manic-depressive disorder, which is an occurrence of major depression and elevated moods in individuals (Torpy, Janet, Alison & Richard n.p). Dysthymia is another type of depression with symptoms, which can last for not less than two years. The other types are postpartum, and seasonal affective disorder with the first occurring in a mothers or fathers after childbirth and the second occurring during periods of low sunlight. Relatives of depressed persons should understand the various types to enable them handle their patients effectively and avoid complications. The authors of the article are very keen to provide various ways of handling and treating depression in individuals and helping them to live normal lives. There are various treatments for depression depending on the type and cause such as medication. A depressed person can take antidepressants medicines although their results might take long before they work on a person. Physiotherapy can also reduce depression such as changing one’s thoughts, attitudes, and relationship that might be causing depression (Torpy, Janet, Alison & Richard n.p). One should always think positively and avoid being alone by engaging in conversations and sharing with trustworthy friends. For seasonal depression, exposure to sunlight on a daily basis can help solve the problem and go on with life. There are also series of treatments by use of electric current that is passed through the brain especially for those under severe depression. According to the authors, depression

Humor Theory of Incongruity and How it is Seen in Improv Term Paper

Humor Theory of Incongruity and How it is Seen in Improv - Term Paper Example When incongruity occurs, it â€Å"violates our normal patterns and normal expectations†. So when something nonsensical or of the ridiculous occurs it contradicts daily norms and perceptions of propriety often causing the observer to respond with laughter. There are many theories for humour, which emerged primarily from philosophical studies and research in psychology. Of these, the incongruity theory comes out in the improv theatre. The incongruity theory suggests that humour is due to the mixing of two disparate interpretation frames in one statement. One of the earliest references to an incongruity theory of humour is perhaps due to Aristotle (350 BC) who found out that the contrast between expectation and actual outcome of often a source of humour. There is a distinction between surprise and incongruity. This occurs where the audience presumes the later to have a resolution that the actions initially hide from the audience. The incongruity theory also has a supporter in sev eral psychologists who emphasize the element of surprise by suggesting that â€Å"the greater and more expected (...) the incongruity is, the more violent will be (the) laughter†. ... Some theorists argue that plays only need incongruity for humour to be present; others argue that there is need for both incongruity and a resolution of that incongruity. This second version is called the configurationally theory. Several theorists point out that another element – intelligence perception- must be present since humour has its basis in intellect. It is therefore important to understand the differences between the inconsistencies in order to appreciate humour better (Beard 45). Incongruity theorists believe that the audience laughs because their line of thought surprisingly switches from one context to another. Although many scholars argue that understanding the nature of humour is extremely difficult, if not impossible, because of the fluid variables in any humour context, some scholars believe that incongruity best defines the fundamental element of humour. For its proponents, incongruity forms the foundation of humour theory, the most universal one, which vali dates all humour contexts, both perceived and created. The greatest weakness of this theory is that its tasting is not significant (Michael et. al. 11). Incongruity in improv closely relates with the developmental theory. These two theories stress the absurd, the inappropriate or out-of-context events as the basis for humour. While these incongruities are necessary, they are not sufficient prerequisites for humour alone. After all, incongruous events or statements can lead to curiosity or anxiety rather than humour; so the perception of humour is dependent upon how the audience understands incongruity in the context in which it occurs. This brings the understanding that not only does the audience have to perceive an

Multinational Running And Study Of Spirent Communications Essay

Multinational Running And Study Of Spirent Communications - Essay Example The name Spirent was adopted by the company in the year 2000 and continued its business expansion process with the help of acquisitions and alliances by taking over firms such as Caw Networks, Scientific Software Engineering, Fanfare Software and Imperfect Networks (Morning Star, 2014). The customer offerings of the company are mainly focused on the growth of providing effective test simulations and solutions in networking and communications process (Spirent Communications Plc, 2013). However, the financial performance of Spirent in the year 2013 was not significant in comparison to their performance of preceding years.   The operating profit of Spirent went down from $118.3 million in 2012 to $50.1 million in 2013 (Spirent Communications Plc, 2013).However, based on year performance comparison; Spirent noted that the performance of 2nd half of 2013 had improved by almost 17% from that of the first half (Spirent Communications Plc, 2013). Considering the financial up-downs, strateg ic and operational planning objectives of Spirent, the report will focus on analyzing the concerned company to evaluate their competitive position. The business performance of Spirent will be observed with the help of data gathered from the financial documents of the company. Beginning with the revenue, Spirent experienced a steep fall in its net revenue in the year 2013 as it decreased by almost 13% after reflecting a steady growth curve for the preceding 4 years since 2009 (Spirent, 2014).

There are questions for an assigment that need to be answered in a one Assignment

There are questions for an assigment that need to be answered in a one to two sentence form, some answers might need a little more i will put the question in the order instructions - Assignment Example (A2) Tartuffe was able to deceive Orgon was because of Orgons stubbornness and lack of common sense. Julian Taibi in his article states that "since Orgon blindly believes that Tartuffe can do no evil, he refuses to listen to the accusation and consequently turns on his own son, Damis. Orgon has become so obsessed with the notion of Tartuffe’s saintly piety that he kicks Damis out of his house – hardly an act that would come from a religious, or even a sane person," (Taibi, 15). The reason why even today so many people become deceived by politicians or religious zealots and salespersons is because these tricksters know how to manipulate their audience , by adopting any appearance that they know will attract and please their audience (Abrams & Greenblatt 20-30). (A3) Yes Dorine is correct in calling Orgon mad, because he is irrationally obsessed with Tartuffe, seen from the way he continuously enquires about Tartuffes health while ignoring his own wifes ailments, trying to coerce Marianne into marrying Tartuffe, chiding Damis while consoling Tartuffe and asking him to "rise" against his son, and ignoring everyone elses warnings about Tartuffe. Indeed, "Orgon is almost trying to become a missionary figure in his obsession with Tartuffe, putting aside his own earthly cares in favor of what he perceives to be more spiritual matters: the person of Tartuffe himself," (Taibi, 14). (A4) Since Moliere intended to reveal the hypocrisy of religious people, this line "You are becoming so heavenly minded, that you are no earthly good," is particularly apt since it highlights how some religious zealots give the impression that they are constantly thinking about God and doing spiritual work and helping people, but when it comes to putting these plans into reality, these men do not do anything; they are of "no earthly good" since they do not help mankind as they say they would (Abrams & Greenblatt 30-40). (A5) I feel Moliere has tried to present the two

Psychology - Personality Test Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Psychology - Personality Test - Essay Example Since this type belongs to the three traits expected from an effective leader (conscientiousness, openness and extroversion), one confirms readiness and the ability to lead in various endeavors. Past experiences working with groups in the academic setting has exhibited competencies in assuming leadership roles. For instance, when there are group projects, there have been several times that one was assigned or elected as the group leader and the personality traits of being orderly, focusing on complying with responsibilities, being reliable and conscientious were evidently manifested. As a leader, one recognized the importance of delegating responsibilities to members and monitoring their progress. With the personality type that was exuded, one acknowledged that focus on the accomplishment of tasks is crucial to ensure that the defined goals are achieved. However, one likewise realized that there is a need to develop openness and extroversion to enable the leader to solicit relevant i nputs from other members and followers, and to encourage them to be productive and facilitate towards contributing effectively towards the defined goals in a more conducive and motivated

Multinational Running And Study Of Spirent Communications Essay

Multinational Running And Study Of Spirent Communications - Essay Example The name Spirent was adopted by the company in the year 2000 and continued its business expansion process with the help of acquisitions and alliances by taking over firms such as Caw Networks, Scientific Software Engineering, Fanfare Software and Imperfect Networks (Morning Star, 2014). The customer offerings of the company are mainly focused on the growth of providing effective test simulations and solutions in networking and communications process (Spirent Communications Plc, 2013). However, the financial performance of Spirent in the year 2013 was not significant in comparison to their performance of preceding years.   The operating profit of Spirent went down from $118.3 million in 2012 to $50.1 million in 2013 (Spirent Communications Plc, 2013).However, based on year performance comparison; Spirent noted that the performance of 2nd half of 2013 had improved by almost 17% from that of the first half (Spirent Communications Plc, 2013). Considering the financial up-downs, strateg ic and operational planning objectives of Spirent, the report will focus on analyzing the concerned company to evaluate their competitive position. The business performance of Spirent will be observed with the help of data gathered from the financial documents of the company. Beginning with the revenue, Spirent experienced a steep fall in its net revenue in the year 2013 as it decreased by almost 13% after reflecting a steady growth curve for the preceding 4 years since 2009 (Spirent, 2014).

Psychology - Personality Test Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Psychology - Personality Test - Essay Example Since this type belongs to the three traits expected from an effective leader (conscientiousness, openness and extroversion), one confirms readiness and the ability to lead in various endeavors. Past experiences working with groups in the academic setting has exhibited competencies in assuming leadership roles. For instance, when there are group projects, there have been several times that one was assigned or elected as the group leader and the personality traits of being orderly, focusing on complying with responsibilities, being reliable and conscientious were evidently manifested. As a leader, one recognized the importance of delegating responsibilities to members and monitoring their progress. With the personality type that was exuded, one acknowledged that focus on the accomplishment of tasks is crucial to ensure that the defined goals are achieved. However, one likewise realized that there is a need to develop openness and extroversion to enable the leader to solicit relevant i nputs from other members and followers, and to encourage them to be productive and facilitate towards contributing effectively towards the defined goals in a more conducive and motivated

Writing and Communication Essay Example for Free

Writing and Communication Essay * What is the most common form of written communication in your workplace or in a workplace with which you are familiar? Is expository writing or technical writing the most common form of written communication in this workplace? Who is responsible for most of the technical writing in this workplace? I am working at an IT related firm. The most common form of communication in our organization is Mail and technical writing. Most of the time associates have to inform the managers for their updates, requirements, suggestions and grievances in form of Mail. Technical writing is also dominant in our organization as the products are technical. The technical writing responsibility is not shouldered by some individual. It depends upon the modules and team. Every team has someone to take care of technical writing as they work on different products and only the team members know better about that product. * What are some common issues you have seen with written communication in the workplace? One of the most difficult issues faced daily in our organization because of written communication is doubt clearance. It happens when we write a mail to some client or our team at different locations. If any doubt comes up, then it becomes very hard to solve it as further writing only adds to trouble. At last we have to go for voice communication which is costly. * How can an organization benefit from well-written communication? An organization can benefit very well if the written communication is effective. On of the biggest advantage of written communication is record of communication. In long term it benefits the organization. Because of written communication an organization can defend itself in case of any legal issue or problem. It also helps in having policies, rules and principles lay down properly and effectively. Also, in form of task assignment written communication appears to be handy. * How do written communication skills differ from verbal communication skills? What are the challenges a skilled verbal communicator might encounter when performing technical writing? Written communication skill differs very well from verbal skills. Written communication has to be more precise and to the point as it does not have any verbal expression to show the meaning hidden. In written communication one cannot come again to repeat or correct the sentence written in case it is perceived wrong by audiences, what we have in verbal communication. For a verbal communicator almost all its leverages become trouble in written communication. He has got to be precise and accurate. He/she will not be allowed to correct himself with facial expression. He cannot emphasize the sentence or dilute the meaning of a sentence with change in tone. In summary he has got to be precise and to the point.

Concept Of Price War And Oligopoly Theories Economics Essay

Concept Of Price War And Oligopoly Theories Economics Essay Experts argue that the concept of price war is a fact of life in most industrialised countries, assess the arguments for and against such behaviour. Discuss the impact of this behaviour in any industry using different oligopoly theories. In this essay I will address the subject of price war in industrialised countries. From different angles I will to try to break down and analyse the idea that price war in industrialised countries is a fact of life. The basic and underlying concept of a price war is that two or more firms in an industry lower or change their own prices with the knowledge that in an oligopolistic environment the other firms in that industry will lower theirs too so they match up. This is due to the interdependency in their interaction with all the firms in that industry. Price fixing plays a major role in a price war. My method of assessing whether said statement is true or false is to weigh up the pros and cons. From there I can make an informed decision and will be able to explain it through outlined discussions and ideas, and by visual aids if necessary. By the end of my essay I will be able, also, to discuss, with help of oligopolistic theories, the effect that a price war has on any industry. A price war is the concept that refers to economic activity of high competitive rivalry between a few firms in a particular industry, with complex rounds of price reductions. If one firm reduces their prices or a single price of a good, then the other firms in that industry will do the same to match that price. In an industry, in which a state of oligopoly is apparent (i.e. only a few sellers operate), each firm is quite capable of producing enough of the industry total output, resulting in their ability to affect the market price. A real world example of this is in the coffee industry where there are three major producers; Starbucks, Cafe Nero and Costas Coffee. These three large providers of coffee produce such large percentages each of the coffee industry that if, say, Starbucks were to increase their supply, the price of an average coffee would decrease considerably. An increase in output for one of the coffee providers will result in the price to decrease for the other firms in the industry. To explain further, if Starbucks produces double its output, the price of coffee from Starbucks drops hugely. However, most people are not wholly loyal to a particular brand, so Costas Coffee and Cafe Nero drinkers will switch to the cheaper Starbucks. As a result, the price of Costas Coffee and Cafe Nero coffee drops too. These three major brands are part of a set of economic activities where each of their decisions on supple not only affects their MICRO ESSAY 2 ANTHONY STADDON 000457496 PAGE 3 own sales but also of the firms competing against them. Such strategic situations can involve competition or collusion. Collusion= all firms in an industry agree to cut back on production by a certain amount to increase both prices and profits. Competition= all firms in an industry try to increase production with the intent to undermine competitors and gain as many customers as can be attained. The outcomes of both collusion and competition can be massively different for consumers and producers. For example, collusion benefits producers most due to the fact that as long as they keep colluding, their profits will continue to increase. However, collusion has a negative effect on consumers because it results in higher prices and decreased output. Collusion, unfortunately, is uncommon and many industries are dominated by heavily competing firms. If such collusion actually happened then government intervention may be necessary to protect consumers. All these ideas of collusion and competition between firms in an industry are the major foundations and components of a price war. In the short term, consumers benefit very well from such activities, due to the chance of benefiting from lower prices. Also in the short run a negative impact can hit producers by the result of lower prices leading to reduced profit margins. In the long term, the major firms in any particular industry can gain from a price war with increased profits etc. Price wars do seem to happen in every industry in some shape or form. There is a fair amount of reason why that is. To start with there are competitors whom might wish to concentrate on a particular product and through this product try to gain market share by producing its alternate good at decreased prices. There is also penetration pricing where firms may offer/provide lower prices of new brands of a good or product into an already highly established market. Process optimization is also a cause in that firms may choose to reduce prices rather than output with the plan regulate and sustain the economy of scale. A big cause for price wars is predatory pricing (albeit illegal). This refers to when a firm may set the price extremely low, even too low, on a good, in order to ddestroy other firms completely in that industry. Finally and in some ways most importantly, especially in context with this essay title, is the cause oligopoly. Oligopoly is where all economic actions on prices and outputs for each firm in an industry are interdependent. Reactions to price changes and ultimately price wars can vary. The primary reaction to a price war price change or price reduction is consideration and caution. For example, has the competing firm decided whether it is doing a short term or a long-term price MICRO ESSAY 2 ANTHONY STADDON 000457496 PAGE 4 change? If its short term, a firms reaction should normally be ignoring the change. Otherwise, short-term changes can be interpreted as cataclysmic changes and lead to big price wars. However, for the long-term there is not just a singular reaction. A firm could maintain their price, split their product into a premium version and a basic. Or the most common highly anticipated reaction is reduce the price and keep in line with ones competitors. Now its quite easy to see why a price might be good and benefit certain people. We can see that producers and consumers can benefit from them in some way and at some point. But in the end there is also a negative impact of price wars. As previously stated two or more firms compete in an industry and in turn both reduce their prices. We see that one can benefit whether you are a producer or consumer due to lower prices but this is not always the case. When these firms compete and initiate a price war, it is normally understood that both firms lower value along with price. Ultimately the firms lose profit and the consumer loses value. In my conclusion, I believe that price wars in the short-run can improve profits and can allow consumers a small space of time to take advantage of lowered prices. But in the end they cause more trouble than they are worth. However they also seem unavoidable as nearly every single industry in an economy has an event of a price war at some point. In the supermarket industry, Sainsbury and Tesco compete in a price war. O2 and T-mobile do the same in the mobile industry. Starbucks and Cafe Nero show signs too. The list of price wars in different industries is long but clearly outlines that the statement the concept of a price war is a fact of life in industrialised countries is pretty much correct.

The Pill Essay -- Birth Control Pregnancy Papers

Missing Works Cited "Should women alone bear the burden of contraception and its side effects  ­ including its failure  ­ while men enjoy the pleasures of sexual freedom and fatherhood? Must the word wait for the "perfect" male contraceptive to be created by researchers and manufacturers while women continue to experience actual and potential side effects? Can the world afford to wait while unwanted pregnancy and abortion abound in this country and populations continue to soar in developing lands? Might a less than perfect method be acceptable, in order to achieve better population stabilization?" - Diller et al. The above statement comes from an article in Fertility and Sterility written in 1977 appealing for greater funding for research in the field of male contraceptives. Due to the time in which it was written, and consequently, the research conducted up until then, the pill as a carcinogen had yet to be established. Instead, and coincidentally with the "sign of the times", the article took the high moral ground, extolling the importance of mutual responsibility between men and women towards reproductive behavior. However, the major dangers of the pill have extended beyond those of water retention, depression and/or loss of libido in 1977 to breast cancer risk in 2000. As a result of sufficient funding in breast cancer research this valuable information is now available to the general public. Similar information concerning equivalent male contraception and/or alternative female contraception and long term side effects might have been available, as well, had funding been allocated accordin gly some 50 years ago when the pill was invented by John Rock . Hopefully, with the advent of research in male contraceptives, men and w... ...much as simply to find a new contraceptive method, which subscribed to the teachings of the Catholic Church . This idea that a pill-induced regulation of the menstrual cycle is a necessary element in a woman’s life is falsely perpetuated time and again. There are exceptions, of course. "In obese women the failure to menstruate can signal an increased risk of uterine cancer and in female athletes, a failure to menstruate can signal an increased risk of osteoporosis". However, aside from that subset of women, younger women, especially, up the odds of developing breast cancer when they subject themselves to excessive hormones which 1. Are not necessitated in the least by any health condition and 2. Can be readily substituted with alternatives. Pregnancy is not a "disease", the pill is not a supplemental multi-vitamin and the dangers of the pill should not be belittled.

Comparing Wilfred Owens Poem, Dulce et Decorum Est and Stings Song, C

Comparing Wilfred Owen's Poem, Dulce et Decorum Est and Sting's Song, Children's Crusade Is it really sweet and fitting to die for one's country? This may seem glorious to some, but to those who have studied World War I and its terrible consequences, this seems a lie. The poet Wilfred Owen was a participant in this war, and wrote the poem "Dulce et Decorum Est" ("It is sweet and fitting [to die for one's country]") to his poet friends about the voracity, hopelessness, and futility of war, and the desperate plight of the soldiers involved. Almost seventy-five years later, the popular artist Sting worried about the world in which his son was growing up, a world in which older, experienced adults took advantage of innocent children to increase their own power. Using World War I as a comparison to his own time, he wrote the song "Children's Crusade" about these scheming, power-hungry people. Both these poets describe a war in which children were abused, controlled by other's selfish wants. Although Sting mainly uses strong allusions to describe the soldiers' loss of innocenc e, Owen's poem uses jarring, tangible images of reality that are emotionally more universal. As in other effective poetry, Sting uses strong language to convey the world's cruelty toward the innocent. He describes the soldiers in the war using the phrases "Virgins with rifles" (3), "Pawns in a game" (5), "Marching through countries they've never seen" (2). These phrases appeal to parental nature and sense of decency. "Virgins" suggests not only a feeling of inno-cence, but a feeling of virtue about to be lost. Sting uses the phrase "the flower of England, face down in the mud" (11), giving us a beautiful, fresh image to symbolize these young soldiers. He t... ...s a general anti-war feeling, which is only one of the points that form his argument, instead of a feeling for the plight of the children of his day. The theme of heroin addiction remains unknown to most. Sting does wield effective images, as does Owen, but as Sting's allusions remain unknown, Owen's tailoring to basic human emotions makes us regret the soldiers' loss of innocence. Works Cited Primary Sources Owen W 'Dulce et Decorum Est' [online] accessed at http://www.illyria.com/owenpro.html; (2002) Sting, Children's Crusade http://www.elyrics.net/go/s/sting-lyrics/children_s-crusade-lyrics/ Secondary Sources Beasley. C (2002) Wilfred Owen The Literature Network [online] accessed at http://www.online-literature.com/owen/ Roberts E V, Jacobs H.E (2000) Literature: An Introduction to Reading and Writing (6th Edition) Prentice Hall College Div

John Locke Essay

The topic that I chose for my philosophy paper is empiricism. Empiricism is the theory that all knowledge is derived from sense-experience. This idea was developed from a famous English philosopher, John Locke, states that knowledge can only come from our sensory experience, nowhere else. Empiricists believe that getting knowledge without the experience is unachievable. There are three subcategories of Empiricism; Classical, Moderate, and Radical. Classical Empiricism completely rejects the thought of â€Å"in-born† knowledge. It states that at birth, we are born as a blank slate. Throughout the years, the more experience the more we learn. Radical empiricism is a dividend of the theory that concludes that knowledge comes from our senses. When we experience certain things, the sense that comes along with it is what gives us the knowledge that we take from it. Moderate empiricism is a more improved on and fits today’s philosophical and psychological findings. Moderate empiricism writes that not all knowledge should come from what you live through; some of it is simply learned. A valid example that they used to further prove their theory is the understanding of school subjects such as math or history. A person doesn’t have to live through anything to understand that a triangle has three sides or that George Washington became president in 1789. I interpret this theory the way it was written. I understand where john Locke’s idea of empiricism evolved from and there are many pieces of evidence to support it. I think what this theory states is that our experiences define us as humans. What we live through is what gives us the knowledge on either how to improve on it, to learn from it, or to continue doing it. In many ways, I believe that this is true in sculpting our personality. I think this theory goes in search of why people are so different, despite that they are taught the same material in school, and they answer that with the fact that every individual goes through incomparable experiences and that’s what makes us different and therefore gives us our knowledge. There are numerous examples of empiricism. Any experience in which a lesson is taken from is proof of empiricism. That may include a job experience in which the employee disappointed their manager and now knows to do everything he can to avoid doing what it is that he did. This goes along with Classical and Radical empiricism. The individual has learned something based solely on experience, but also through the sense of embarrassment and disappointment. A student who puts in a large amount of effort in his work and then receives praise on it from his teacher will want to go through that experience again and feel accomplishment. I feel very diverse about this theory. In many ways I do agree with it because our experiences are what give us our beliefs and set us as different individuals. However, the theory in ways contradicts itself because it underestimates the power of learning in class and knowing  not to do certain things even. An example that I have lived through that goes along with my opinion on this is my health class in the seventh grade where we were taught all the vital effects of drugs. Therefore, I have learned, but not through experience, not to do drugs. I did not have to go through addiction or even experimentation of illegal substances in order to get the knowledge not to do them. The theory that more closely relates to my belief is rationalism. Rationalism states that knowledge is based off of reason. Examples of that is mathematical problems,  knowing an illusion isn’t real and that your mind is actually being deceived, and why things happen the way they do. We don’t touch a pot of boiling water because we’ve done it before and experienced pain, we don’t touch it because we see the steam coming out of it and with that, we imply our reasoning that it would burn if we do touch it. There is also a flaw in empiricism. We all perceive things differently, and therefore our knowledge may be inaccurate. A student presenting might think he did awful and never volunteer again because his experience gave him the false knowledge that he wasn’t able to do good. Meanwhile, his fellow classmates might have thought greatly of his presentation. Empiricism can give off false knowledge of our experience, making us self-conscious, and even changing our personality completely, all because of how we perceived it. That is why I apply rationalism to my life and personality. I don’t have to experience something in order to gain knowledge from it. I am able to make decisions based off of reasoning, knowing the effect of an action without having to experience it, and knowing what is right without having to do what is wrong first.

Assignment 2 Building a Foundation for the Persuasive Speech Essay

I will give personal connection to the global warming subject through giving personal experience and facts about its effects by citing some of the common effects I have experienced and those experienced by the audience or their close neighbourhood. Relating the topic to the audience will help me to develop a common ground and prove my credibility on the topic (Gregory, 2012). In addition, I will reveal my credentials such as trainings and seminars certificates on global warming and other relevant supportive information that I have attained in the course of my studies. I will also mention the sources of my speech that are from the field of global warming. This information will build audience trust and there will be high probability that they will listen to my speech. Need for intellectual stimulation How would you keep the audience thinking and learning about your topic? Â   Â   Â   Â   Â   Â   Â   In order to make the audience thinking and learning about global warming, it effects and the need to engage themselves in activities that would counter their effects would include engaging the audience by asking them simple questions related to the topic. This will ensure that the audience are always alert and following the topic so that they will be able to answer the questions whenever I ask. I will also give examples in form of stories in order to keep the audience on track. I will allow my audience to have a one-minute-break to discuss their experience on global warming before delivering the final part of the speech. According to Gregory (2012) engaging audience to maintain their focus on the subject matter and they tend to understand most of the speaker’s message. Need for creativity How would you make the speech creative? Â   Â   Â   Â   Â   Â   Â   I will make my speech to be creative through telling short funny stories in between the speech. I will try to give examples that paint a picture in the mind of the audience. For example, Instead of saying that the area affected was 100 square kilometres, I will relate it to a given Island of the same size. Need for relevance How would you demonstrate that this topic is relevant to the audience’s needs and interests? Â   Â   Â   Â   Â   Â   Â   I will include facts in my speech that show that global warming is a current problem that governments, organizations and individuals are trying to address and so there is need to learn about it. I will also include examples that have affected audience directly or indirectly in order for them to appreciate that they need to know about the topic. I will show the audience the need to address global warming issues in such forums so as to educate the major populations. Moreover, I will emphasise the future effects of global warming if respective stakeholders will not take responsibility to address the issues of global warming. I will also bringing out the fact that global warming might affect the audience either directly or indirectly and so there is need to study about its effects and control to prevent loss and damages that may be caused by it. This will make the audience to learn the relevance for the issue. The ability to relate the topic to the audi ence, the current events and your knowledge helps to demonstrate relevance of a given topic (Gregory, 2012). Need for emphasis How would you emphasize your main points so that the audience will remember those points after the speech? Â   Â   Â   Â   Â   Â   Â   I will emphasise the main points by making repetitions, pause to show transition to a new and main point. I will also use key words such as note, important, worth and other words that show emphasis. I will try to raise the tone for the main points and in addition to informing the audience to note information. Moreover, I will support the main points using a number of reasons for emphasis. I will use gestures to signal a main point and try to maintain contact with the audience for sometimes. I will also write down the main points and ask the audience to note them in their note books. This will ensure that the audience are able to remember the main points after delivering global warming speech. References Gregory, H. (2012). Public Speaking for College and Career With Speech mate CD-ROM 3.0, 10th Edition. McGraw-Hill Learning Solutions. Source document

Chapter 6 Flashcards Example for Free (#6)

Chapter 6 Cramped quarters on a ship’s lower deck for passengers paying the lowest fare person who enters and becomes established in a country other than that of his or her original nationality a tiny island in new york harbor, european passengers disembarked here a danish- born journalist. Observed in 1890 that a map of new york, â€Å"colored to designated nationalities, would show more stripes on a skin of a zebra† contributed the most to the design of the skyscraper one of new york cities most powerful party boss, defended what called, â€Å"honest graft† the thought that no matter what a persons background was, they could still become secessful A social theory which states that the level a person rises to in society and wealth is determined by their genetic background. providing money to support humanitatian or social goals A center in an underprivileged area that provides community services Belief that assimilating immigrants into American society would make them more loyal citizens Change in a kind of organism over time; process by which modern organisms have descended from ancient organisms. Time period after Reconstruction. Looks great on the surface, but if one scratches the surface it is very different. Term coined by Mark Twain This was a book written by Carnegie that described the responsibility of the rich to be philanthropists. This softened the harshness of Social Darwinism as well as promoted the idea of philanthropy. A movement in the late 1800s / early 1900s which emphasized charity and social responsibility as a means of salvation. 1860-1935. Founder of Settlement House Movement. First American Woman to earn Nobel Peace Prize in 1931 as president of Women’s Intenational League for Peace and Freedom. the political doctrine that supports the rights and powers of the common people in their struggle with the privileged elite Name for Union paper money not backed by gold or silver. Value would fluctuate depending on status of the war (plural) A general and progressive increase in prices A decrease in the general price level Organized groups that borrowed money from the government to pay for installing electrical services a method of taxation that taxes people at different rates depending on income A financial security that represents a promise to repay a fixed amount of funds Coins and paper bills used as money In 1873 the Grangers founded this. Their goals promote social gatherings/education opportunities, organize against abuse, form cooperative/women played a significant role, and wanted political pressure. This later led to the founding of the populist party. Formed in 1892, the populist party was created by farmers’ alliances. The peoples’ party supported the abolition of national banks and the government ownership of railroads. Democratic candidate for president in 1896 under the banner of â€Å"free silver coinage† which won him support of the Populist Party. republicans decided to nominate him as their candidate, governor of ohio A tax of a fixed amount per person and payable as a requirement for the right to vote Separation of people based on racial, ethnic, or other differences Laws designed to enforce segregation of blacks from whites putting to death a person by the illegal action of a mob Behaving differently, usually unfairly, toward the members of a group. African American journalist. published statistics about lynching, urged African Americans to protest by refusing to ride streetcars or shop in white owned stores Believed that self help was the best plan for African Americans over half was from eastern and southern Europe 1. avaliable jobs 2.escape poverty and restrictions of social class 3. avoid forved military services (draft) 4. high food prices 5. religious percecution 6. moving to the us was cheap 7. to live under democratic government where did the passangers disembark at the end of the 14-day journey Most immigrants booked passage on _____ by 1890s immigrands mad a large population of cities such as new york, chicago, milwaukee, and detroit neighborhoods that were seperate in ethnic groups The most destructive civil war in China before the twentieth century. A Christian-inspired rural rebellion threatened to topple the Qing Empire. Leader claimed to be the brother of Jesus. why did japanese immigrate to the us the wave of immigrants brought an increase in Reasons Nativists opposed immigration 1.feared that us would become mostly catholic 2.thought took american jobs for those on strike increased feelings of nativism led to anti-immigrant orginazations, such as the APA 1. horsecars 2. cablecars 3. electric trolley 4. elevated railroads (over a bridge) 5.subway syste what was a growing problem in american cities crime, alcohol, diseas and pollution Why did political machines come about cities grew much faster than their governments they were warning others that something might appear to sparkle by the inside is probably made of cheaper material One of the strongest beliefes in the gildena age who wrote more than 100 rages to riches stories new moviment in arts and literature what played a major role in male workers what became popular in the late 1800s amusement parks, watching professional sports, playing tennis golf and croquet, and ragtime music How did Rutherford B. Hayes try to end patronage firing officials who had been given their jobs under the spoils system Serious economic depression beginning in 1893. Began due to rail road companies over-extending themselves, causing bank failures. Was the worst economic collapse in the history of the country until that point, and, some say, as bad as the Great Depression of the 1930s. How did William Mckinley win the presidential election of 1896 who became convinced americans will never excel in life becaues of the stron racism Why did Singleton urge african americans to move to the west (kansas) How did southern states make it harder for african americans to vote 1.$12 poll tax 2. require a literacy test There was an average of 197 _____ per year in 1890 and 1899 Nativism in the late 1800’s was focused on Asians, Jews, and By the 1890’s, immigrants made up a significant percentage of some of the country’s largest_____ Where did many Chinese immigrants settle? What law prevented Chinese immigrants already in the United States from becoming citizens? The processing center for the vast majority of immigrants arriving on the East Coast was at What was the famous New York Democratic political machine called? No one contributed more to the design of skyscrapers than Chicago’s America’s industrialization made some people wealthy and created a growing In response to urban congestion, Boston and New York built the first Who rose to become one of New York’s most powerful party bosses? When President Rutherford B Hayes attacked the practice of patronage, his supporters were called By calling their era the Gilded Age, Mark Twain and Charles Warner were During the presidential campaign of 1888, Benjamin Harrison received large contributions from Popular Culture changed in the late 1800’s, because industrialization improved the standard of living for many people, enabling them to spend more money on The purpose of the cooperatives was to What organization formed exchanges? In 1892, the People’s Party called for a The People’s Party was also known as the Granger laws supported the interests of Between 1890 and 1899, the majority of lynchings each year occurred in In 1886, African American farmers formed the Mississippi took the first step to prohibit African Americans from voting when it required that all citizens registering to vote To win the votes of poor whites, Democratic leaders in the South began appealing to In 1883, the Supreme Court set the stage for legalized segregation by overturning the We use cookies to give you the best experience possible. By continuing we’ll assume you’re on board with our cookie policy We will write a custom sample essay on

The Bridge Project Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

The Bridge Project - Essay Example The Bridge Project Economics We will ensure that the cost is as low as possible by first, limiting the weight to 254.9 or below then use both glue and sticks in reduced quantity. The truss bridge that we managed to design had its cost greatly reduced. It will therefore, require several joints hence will not be much effective. Load Since the higher the load the more successful the structure will be, we managed to make the normal bridge structure withstand the weights easily. We also managed to lower the tensional and compressional force, which will be adjusted by increasing overlaps to the high beams. Aesthetics The more appealing to the eye a bridge is, the more it will be used. We plan to make our bridge very attractive by even introducing advertisement pictures on it. Ease of construction Since we only have a short time for this project, it must be easy to construct. This will allow us to carry out this project with minimal errors. We managed to design a bridge without many complexities but with seve ral parts. This will also enable to build it without much flaws. There were several alternatives that we could choose from based on the sustainability of engineering materials i.e. strength, recyclability and cost effectiveness. However, we had to choose an alternative, which was very economical, simple and strong. The main factor that we had to consider was that the material had to be readily available and be relatively cheap for us to afford. Moreover, it had to be stronger to sustain the expected load. Selection of the Bridge type We settled for the sticks bridge due to its strong nature, simplicity and cost effectiveness. It is less expensive to construct yet can still hold the weight quite well. All the rest were weaker compared to these two. Thus, these two were more sustainable than the rest. Prototype construction We curved the top and the bottom into their maximum heights, directed the beams towards the center, and had the cross section at the middle. It was constructed to meet the minimum requirements for width and height. The weight was set at 140.4 gm. and had load to weight ratio of 105:7. Estimated load capacity This was established by the breaking point of the design’s beam. In addition, it was determined by comparing the previously tested ones with our bridge. Prototype testing We used two beams to place the bridge 29 inches apart. Then added a wooden block on it and hang a chain from it. We then added a bucket below it to add the weights. Prototype performance It managed to hold 32.72 lbs. and broke at the point where the height begun reducing and at the joint right above it. Results The bridge held on to the weight as required but broke when the weight was increased. For the bridge to support more weight we need to add more support beams and change the materials used to construct the bridge. Discussion Shorter distances between the beams that supported the bridge are needed to make the bridge more strong. This will help in distributing the weight evenly on the bridge the beams will increase the load capacity by twice. The chain that was used before needed a change. A stronger chain that can withstand a higher strain is needed. With the extra beams, the bridge is bound to be heavier. Changes are needed in all materials used. The wooden block that was on the other bridge needed a change.

Process Business Integration Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 1

Process Business Integration - Research Paper Example   The 21st-century leadership practices can also be observed to emphasize reinventing effective measures in order to establish a better communication channel between the customers, suppliers and other groups of stakeholders. This apparently advocates corporate measures to integrate the supply chain functions at almost every phase. The two most apparent drivers of these changes in organizational leadership practices can be identified as the continuous development of global business culture and the trend of continuous expansion within the corporate world (McAdam & McCormack, 2001). Emphasizing the present transformational changes in the contemporary business environment, the primary purpose of this essay will be to critically identify the key areas of business process integration in relation to the unconventional approaches of supply chain management practiced by modern organizations. In establishing this particular aim, evidence provided by McAdam and McCormack (2001) and Cagliano, Caniato, and Spina (2006) will be referred and critically reviewed with prime significance throughout the study. When addressing the linkage between business process integration with supply chain management practices in the modern era, McAdam & McCormack (2001) were able to connote few noteworthy aspects, which can be examined as the major determinants of the currently exhibited challenges and proficiencies of the corporate world. McAdam & McCormack (2001) subsequently explained that an integrated supply chain management ensures the improvement of operational functions to a substantial extent offering added managerial control on organizational performance. Based on their empirical study, McAdam & McCormack (2001) were of the view that modern business organizations need to focus on developing at least two significant aspects in order to sustain in this competitive era. These aspects comprise the supply chain management procedure and integration of business